King remembered at National Gallery
ERROR Due to inaccurate information supplied to The Royal Gazette in the Living article on a forthcoming art exhibition, it should be noted that Kendra Ezekiel was commissioned to design the architectural structures for the company, By Design in last year's Heritage Exhibition.
In February 1958, photographer Flip Schulke was sent on a mission by Ebony magazine to cover the emerging civil rights movement which was being led by a man called Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
As a white photographer, Schulke had been given other assignments by Ebony and Jet magazines as it was becoming increasingly difficult for black staffers to operate in the segregated and increasingly violent deep south of the United States.
That assignment, after which King invited Schulke to visit the home of a local minister, where they talked for the rest of the night, was the beginning of a ten-year friendship between the civil rights leader and the young photographer which would end only with King's assassination.
Now, a selection of 35 to 45 images from a total of 11,000 pictures in Schulke's collection will form a special exhibition at the Bermuda National Gallery.
Entitled "King Remembered: Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement'', this show reveals the minister at many historic moments. It includes images from the March on Washington in 1963 (capturing the ecstatic response from the crowds to Mr. King's famous "I have a dream'' speech), the 1965 Freedom March in Selma, Alabama, James Meredith's entrance into the University of Mississippi in 1962, the funeral of Medger Evers, the very first civil rights leader to be murdered, in 1963, and the moving scenes of King's funeral after he had been gunned down in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4 1968.
Revealing that Flip Schulke is the brother of Bermudian Roxy Kaufmann, exhibition curator Jean Trapido-Rosenthal says, "We have been planning this show for about a year. Mr. Schulke sent us his book, `He had a Dream' and some other publicity material and it seemed like a wonderful opportunity for us. I spoke to Kendra Ezekiel, who is the designer and installer of the show, and she was very keen to undertake the project, so that pretty much settled it. We felt that one of the things we would have to keep in mind is the fact that King has become such a symbol, we tend to forget that he represented a very special time period. In order to capture the flavour of those times, we have collected some of the magazines of that era. This means that in some cases, some of the pictures will be shown alongside the originals as they appeared in various magazines and periodicals. We have to remember, too, that Schulke was a photojournalist who covered many of the major people and events of that time, including the Kennedys, the moon landings, the Beatles and so on, so we are planning to include some of that material as well.'' Ms Ezekiel is especially fascinated by the fact that Mr. Schulke knew Mr. King personally, which has enabled them to include images that reveal the man, as well as the leader. As Mrs. Rosenthal points out, Mr. King is largely seen today as an icon, so the images of the leader as a devoted family man are particularly revealing.
"Schulke was a free-lance photographer and some of his best work was for `Ebony' and `Jet' as their own people would often be beaten up or their equipment taken away from them. Even black photographers from the north were given this treatment! It was an amazing opportunity for Schulke who, very soon, was being invited into the King home, to have dinner and spend time with the family. There are some wonderful pictures of King with his children.'' Mrs. Rosenthal points out that one of the reasons why Mr. King was attracted to Schulke was because he felt that his work and mission was not being photographed enough. On the other hand, the two men, both in their twenties, realised they had to be careful, as too much publicity would also expose Schulke to the wrath of white zealots.
In his book, published in 1995, Mr. Schulke makes the point that when Mr. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, he was astonished to find that no general magazine (apart from Ebony), not even Life was interested in covering the event. For that reason there is no record of this achievement in the book -- or in the exhibition.
He also reveals that although he was not in Memphis on the fateful day of Mr.
King's assassination, he was personally invited by King's widow, Coretta Scott King to document the funeral. Some of Mr. Schulke's pictures, including the visit by the soon-to-be-murdered Robert Kennedy to Coretta King, the image of the bereaved widow poignantly captured in her heavy veil during the service, and at the burial site with Harry Belafonte, have all become part of America's pictorial history.
One of the main aims of the show, says Ms Ezekiel, is to advance the idea that photojournalism can be an effective tool in carrying a message and the way in which that message is used.
"In mediaeval days, pictures were very often used to tell a story and in effect, these images revert to that purpose. I think we need to bring the details of King's life back and to remind or reveal to people what it was actually like in America in those days.'' Mrs. Rosenthal believes that the importance of King's involvement with America's civil rights movement ties in with the concepts of the Judaeo-Christian tradition.
"There is the Jewish tradition of liberation from bondage -- as when they were delivered from slavery in Egypt and the journey to freedom -- to the Christian concept of sacrifice, as in Christ's crucifixion. King himself constantly used these images in his speeches as, for example, when he quoted Moses in saying `I have been to the mountain'.'' Jean Rosenthal, who was born in Hawaii and acquired a Masters in Art History from the University of California at Santa Barbara, became involved with the Bermuda National Gallery as a volunteer docent when her scientist husband, Dr.
Henry Trapido-Rosenthal took up a post at the Biological Station. Since then, as curator on the 19th century Bermuda watercolours of Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper exhibition, she performed valuable `detective' work in revealing, for the first time, the true identity of the artist.
In the US, Mrs. Rosenthal worked as an assistant at the Honolulu Academy of Arts, in the Arts Library and as a teacher at the University of California and, until her arrival in Bermuda in 1993, as Librarian of the St. Augustine Historical Society.
Kendra Ezekiel, who was educated at Warwick Academy and at Exeter College of Art and Design in Devon, England, is well known as a costume and set designer for Black Box, Chameleon Productions and for Jabulani Repertory Company. She was also the designer of the St. George's Then and Now Heritage Exhibition and for "Celebration'', the African Collection at the Gallery, both in 1996. She has participated in group shows at the Exeter Art Centre, Plymouth University, and in Bermuda, in the "Alchemy'' three-person show at Dockyard and in "Seeds 2'' at Admiralty House.
"King Remembered'' runs at the Ondaatje Wing of the Bermuda National