NEW YORK (Reuters) - Citigroup Increvealed plans to cut 52,000 jobs by early next year in a dramatic move to restore the No. 2 US bank to health as it combats mounting debt losses and sagging economies worldwide.

The cuts announced by chief executive Vikram Pandit yesterday affect 15 percent of Citigroup's work force, and are in addition to 23,000 jobs eliminated between January and September.

Citigroup plans to slash expenses by as much as 20 percent, and spend a total of $50 billion to $52 billion in 2009. That compares with $61.9 billion over the last four quarters.

A call to Citigroup Fund Services (Bermuda) Ltd. was not returned yesterday.

The cuts will be global, affecting many regions and business lines, including the retail and investment banks, a person close to the matter said. About one-half will come from lay-offs and attrition, and the rest from the sale of units, such as the German retail banking business.

Pandit became Citigroup chief executive last December, and has faced much criticism from investors and others for failing to implement a workable turnaround plan. The bank has lost $20.3 billion in the last year, and some analysts do not expect it to make money before 2010.

"As the economy continues to weaken they will have greater credit losses," said Michael Holland, founder of money manager Holland & Co in New York. "Cuts will lessen the losses, but they in no way guarantee profitability."

Citigroup's latest cuts are the most by any US company since the global credit crisis began last year. They are also the second most ever, trailing the 60,000 that International Business Machines Corp announced in 1993, according to outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas Inc.

The latest cuts would leave Citigroup with about 300,000 employees, down 20 percent from the end of 2007 and about the same number it had at the end of 2005. Pandit told employees in a memo the bank has spent the last year "getting fit" and projects a "difficult" 2009 for clients and customers.

Last week, Citigroup stock fell into the single digits for the first time since Sanford (Sandy) Weill created the bank in 1998 from the merger of Travelers Group Inc and Citicorp.

Well over 100,000 jobs have already been lost at the largest banks and brokerages. In the last month, Goldman Sachs Group Inc began cutting 3,200 jobs, while Morgan Stanley said it will cut 10 percent of the jobs in the unit housing its investment banking operations.

Citigroup said it plans to make the latest job cuts in the "near term". People at the New York bank said it expects to complete the reductions in the first couple of months of 2009.

"If the past is any guide, Wall Street overshoots in terms of hiring, and then overshoots when it's time to cut jobs," said Walter Todd, portfolio manager at Greenwood Capital Associates LLC in Greenwood, South Carolina. "It's a moving target."

Citigroup said it has a "very strong" capital position, and according to the person close to the matter has no need to cut its dividend, which has already been reduced twice this year.

Still, many investors remained wary. Through Friday, the bank's stock was down 68 percent this year, leaving Citigroup with a market value of $51.9 billion.

That's barely twice the $25 billion of capital it received from the US Treasury Department's bank bailout plan, and down from more than $270 billion in late 2006.

"We have a bull market in fear," said Henry Asher, president of Northstar Group Inc in New York.

Citigroup was built principally by Weill, who ceded control to Pandit's predecessor, Charles Prince, in 2003. Analysts have said Citigroup never invested enough in technology or to make the bank's various parts work well together.

Its geographic diversity, including operations in more than 100 countries, is now also working against it as customers in such countries as Brazil, India and Mexico find it harder to stay current on payments.

At the same time, Citigroup's ability to grow at home is relatively limited. Last month, Wells Fargo & Co derailed Citigroup's attempt to buy Wachovia Corp and its $418.8 billion in deposits.

The bank has tried to downplay reports of dissension among directors regarding the performance of Pandit and the bank's chairman, Sir Win Bischoff. Last week, lead director Richard Parsons said the board supported management's plans.

Citigroup declined to say whether Pandit and other top executives will forgo year-end bonuses, matching a move announced on Sunday by Goldman Sachs.

The bank said its board will make compensation decisions after December 31.