Last month, in the first installment of our 2011 Bermuda Energy White Paper series, we looked at why there is an immediate need for Bermuda to change its energy consumption behaviour, and why these bad habits are basically unsustainable.This time, for the month of September, we will look at the second chapter Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions 30 percent by 2020.As of 2008, more than 87 percent of our greenhouse gas emissions were produced for making electricity, transportation and water heating so that's where we will be concentrating our efforts.We settled on a goal of a 30 percent reduction in emissions by the year 2020 as the first step toward reaching our long-range goal of one tonne of CO2 equivalent per capita by 2050.Impossible as this seems for us in our current habits, the technology to achieve these reductions already exists. We aren't suggesting that anyone needs to spend their evenings in darkness, or stop using their cars entirely for a third of the year. Instead, we encourage Bermuda to think about how they use energy much more than we do now, and to consider operating costs in the same way that we analyse purchase prices. In other words, instead of buying the least expensive refrigerator, buy the one that is the cheapest to operate, as that will save you much more money over its lifetime. Instead of buying the biggest car, or the most fashionable, think about how much it will cost you to keep that car running. Efficiency and conservation go hand in hand.Apart from the obvious (that we need to find another reliable source of energy apart from fossil fuels) we don't have a hope of changing our habits unless we can visualise our energy use. This will come from being able to see real-time information on how they are using energy, so metering that will allow them to see the consequences of their habits, for instance. Energy auditing is another very useful tool, if we know how we're doing, then that gives us a baseline from which to work.Another part of the picture is producing energy from different sources apart from fossil fuels. The sun can heat your water in a simple installation, or if you want to make a bigger leap, you can produce some of your own electricity with solar photovoltaic panels. On a larger scale, now that investors know we are serious about our goals, we could see a utility-scale wind or solar farm that could take care of some of our needs. These aren't future technologies or possibilities, they are here and now, tried and tested, and we need to be ready to take them on.With regard to transportation, consider using public transport when you can. Driving your car into work every day is almost an addiction; we are so accustomed to our current habits and our independence. But once you leave the driving to someone else, you may find that you have a little more time for activities you don't right now for reading that book you haven't managed to get to, for example. Public transportation is one of the best bargains in Bermuda, when you think about the costs of gas and parking. Riding a moped, rather than taking the car, is also another efficient way to get around.The point of this section is to lay out what the over-arching goals of the Paper are, but also to plant seeds in our minds that these goals are achievable. Not without work, of course, and there will be many adjustments to our behaviour that will have to come, but we can do this with tools we already have available. The ability to work together for a better Bermuda is well within our grasp, we just need to realise we can do it, and get to work.