WASHINGTON (AP) — US automakers drew fresh scepticism from lawmakers yesterday in a rocky confrontation over their pleas for an expanded $34 billion rescue package they say they need to survive. Congressional analysts said one bailout plan under consideration would fall short of what the carmakers want.

With time on the current Congress running out, opposition to the bailout appeared to be as strong as last week — before Detroit's Big Three auto chiefs returned to Capitol Hill with more detailed plans on how they would spend the money.

Several lawmakers in both parties are pressing the automakers to consider a so-called "pre-packaged" bankruptcy in which they would negotiate with creditors in advance and downsize, then file for Chapter 11 protection in hopes of emerging quickly as stronger companies. The Big Three have publicly shunned the notion, saying it would kill sales by destroying customers' confidence — but executives have indicated in recent days that it might ultimately be necessary.

The executives all agreed in yesterday's hearing that a multibillion-dollar bailout deal would include a supervisory government board that could order major restructuring of the companies if deemed necessary for survival — similar to the results in many reorganising efforts under bankruptcy law.

United Auto Worker union president Ron Gettelfinger, aligned with the industry in pressing for the aid, told senators at a Banking Committee hearing that any kind of bankruptcy, even a pre-packaged one, was not "a viable option". Gettelfinger said consumers would not buy autos from bankrupt companies, no matter the terms of the arrangement.

He also warned that in the absence of action by Congress: "I believe we could lose General Motors by the end of this month." He said the situation was dire and time was of the essence.

Meanwhile, Rep. Barney Frank, (Democrat, Massachusetts), who has been dealing with both the financial bailout and the auto rescue proposal as chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, said President-elect Barack Obama needs to play a more significant role on economic issues. "He's going to have to be more assertive than he's been," Frank said at a Consumer Federation of America conference in Washington. "At a time of great crisis with mortgage foreclosures and autos, he says we only have one president at a time. I'm afraid that overstates the number of presidents we have. He's got to remedy that situation."

At the Capitol, the Big Three CEOs told the senators they hoped to make amends for past blunders. "We made mistakes, which we're learning from," General Motors chief executive Rick Wagoner said. Ford CEO Alan Mulally also acknowledged big mistakes, saying his company's approach once was: "You build it, they will come."

"We produced more vehicles than our customers wanted, then slashed prices," he said. But as a result of these past mistakes, "we are really focused", he said.

Congressional Democrats have urged the administration to tap into an already enacted $700 billion financial bailout programme to help the auto industry. The Bush administration has said that it has no intention of doing so, and would prefer aid be taken from an earlier $25 billion programme to help the industry retool its plants to make their vehicles more fuel-efficient.