With the US election in the rear view mirror, investors are looking ahead to the December Fed meeting where futures markets suggest another rate hike. The likelihood of a rate increase on top of the Republican party sweep has recently tumbled the prices of longer term bonds and interest-sensitive equities including real estate investment trusts (REITs) and utilities. However, the broader S&P 500 stock index has been soaring since the day after the election, led by non-REIT financial stocks. Some industries stand to benefit from potentially higher yields.

Financial services equities have been outperforming the overall stock market on hopes that higher rates will allow financial institutions to begin earning better returns on their capital. Banks are often cited as potential beneficiaries of a steeper yield curve which should improve net interest margins, an important profitability component. Less regulation of the financial sector is also seen as a constructive windfall from the Republican party.

Besides banks, insurance and reinsurance companies could also gain. Insurers like to play the “float” by investing customer premiums until they are required to meet claims. Better times may lie ahead, but interest rates still remain historically low and future increases though now perhaps more assured, will likely come very slowly. Meanwhile, the industry remains highly competitive on price and growth is slow. Investors should remain cautious and selective on insurance shares.

Reinsurance, a key sector for the Bermuda economy, faces substantial headwinds in the years ahead as views of expected returns suggest an eroding profit outlook for the industry. The October landfall of hurricane Matthew caused significant property damages but pricing remains a challenge and lower interest rates continue to pressure investment earnings. However, more nimble players may have room to make headway and merger activity has been strong.

Expected returns inform pricing decisions and are derived from industry acumen, experience and proprietary models. Unlike primary insurers, where major losses are often excluded from underlying margins, managing catastrophic loss is a required core competency for reinsurers.

Industry profits were helped by the lack of major loss events in 2014 and 2015, but a second quarter decline in actual returns followed lower expected returns this year. Analysts believe lower premium rates and a warmer climate could further trouble global reinsurers if hurricane activity picks up following subdued action in recent years. Florida has not had a serious hurricane since 2005 and the fading effects of El Niño raise the odds of a major storm.

Recently, Bermudian-based RenaissanceRe warned of lower returns for the industry reflecting a recent influx of new capital. Morgan Stanley downgraded RenRe last quarter, citing interest rate pressure and lower return-on-equity expectations. Risk-adjusted pricing for property-catastrophe reinsurance is the lowest in 15 years and contract terms are less strict according the report.

Some reinsurers are tackling the low-rate environment by taking a more aggressive position on the investment portfolio. Indeed, Warren Buffett attributes a good deal of his fortune to more aggressively investing the “float” earned from his insurance operations. Some reinsurers are trying to follow suit by looking to higher risk and less conventional investments for a portion of their investments.

Axis Capital, another local reinsurer, reported strong third-quarter results which were mainly driven by a 154 per cent surge in investment income. In the third quarter, investment income more than doubled to $117 million and most of this growth was attributable to a $65 million increase in the value of the company’s alternative investments, including hedge funds. Still, this $847 million portfolio is relatively small at 6 per cent of the total investment portfolio.

Other reinsurers are looking for revenue growth on the underwriting side through more innovative strategies. Privately-held Scor Reinsurance cites opportunities in emerging markets and insuring new risks such as cyberattacks and solar storms.

Reinsurers have found an easy path to creating shareholder value is through merger and acquisition activity. Combining operations and slashing costs is one way to produce bottom line results. Recent tie-ups between PartnerRe and Exor, Endurance and Montpelier Re and others make this clear.

Investors may benefit from further M&A activity or by staying with those companies showing innovative strength and focusing on niche markets. On the plus side, most reinsurance companies are now well capitalised and have a history of paying attractive dividends.

Preferred shares of the strongest reinsurers offer an interesting alternative, too. Preferred stock dividends from European and Bermuda companies are generally exempt from offshore withholding and typically offer coupons in the five to seven per cent range. Because preferred shares have relatively low liquidity and unique call features, (which have the potential to wipe out returns) investors should possess extensive knowledge of the hybrid market or employ a professional in this space.

Bryan Dooley, CFA is a senior portfolio manager at LOM Asset Management Ltd in Bermuda. Please contact LOM at 441-292-5000 for further information.

This communication is for information purposes only. It is not intended as an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument, investment product or service. Readers should consult with their Brokers if such information and or opinions would be in their best interest when making investment decisions. LOM is licensed to conduct investment business by the Bermuda Monetary Authority.